[187][188], The Paris Region had 5.4 million salaried employees in 2010, of whom 2.2 million were concentrated in 39 pôles d'emplois or business districts. [135], The security of Paris is mainly the responsibility of the Prefecture of Police of Paris, a subdivision of the Ministry of the Interior. The Louvre in the world's premiere art gallery. All the information to visit Paris with a disability. [4] According to the Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey in 2018, Paris was the second most expensive city in the world, after Singapore, and ahead of Zürich, Hong Kong, Oslo and Geneva. The Hôtel Ritz on Place Vendôme opened in 1898, followed by the Hôtel Crillon in an 18th-century building on the Place de la Concorde in 1909; the Hotel Bristol on the Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré in 1925; and the Hotel George V in 1928. [231] In middle of the 19th century, there were three other active and competing opera houses: the Opéra-Comique (which still exists), Théâtre-Italien and Théâtre Lyrique (which in modern times changed its profile and name to Théâtre de la Ville). [323] Open from 1804, these were the cemeteries of Père Lachaise, Montmartre, Montparnasse, and later Passy; these cemeteries became inner-city once again when Paris annexed all neighbouring communes to the inside of its much larger ring of suburban fortifications in 1860. [65] In the years after the war, known as Les Années Folles, Paris continued to be a mecca for writers, musicians and artists from around the world, including Ernest Hemingway, Igor Stravinsky, James Joyce, Josephine Baker, Eva Kotchever, Henry Miller, Anaïs Nin, Sidney Bechet[66] Allen Ginsberg[67] and the surrealist Salvador Dalí. [26], The Romans conquered the Paris Basin in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris' Left Bank. The May 1968 events in France resulted in the break-up of the University of Paris into 13 independent campuses. The regional capitals of France. [248][249] Several yearly festivals take place in Paris, including the Paris Jazz Festival and the rock festival Rock en Seine. The traditional kepis of the gendarmes were replaced in 2002 with caps, and the force modernised, though they still wear kepis for ceremonial occasions. [55] Napoleon Bonaparte replaced the elected government of Paris with a prefect reporting only to him. [121][123] The first president of the metropolitan council, Patrick Ollier, a Republican and the mayor of the town of Rueil-Malmaison, was elected on 22 January 2016. Cities of France. [306] From 1857, the civil engineer Eugène Belgrand, under Napoleon III, oversaw the construction of a series of new aqueducts that brought water from locations all around the city to several reservoirs built atop the Capital's highest points of elevation. Over €26.5 billion will be invested over the next 15 years to extend the Métro network into the suburbs,[291] with notably the Grand Paris Express project. There are 30,200 officers under the prefecture, and a fleet of more than 6,000 vehicles, including police cars, motorcycles, fire trucks, boats and helicopters. [248], Paris is the spiritual home of gypsy jazz in particular, and many of the Parisian jazzmen who developed in the first half of the 20th century began by playing Bal-musette in the city. [94] On 19 June, a man rammed his weapons-and-explosives-laden vehicle into a police van on the Champs-Élysées, but the car only burst into flames. The Eiffel Tower was supposed to be a temporary installation, intended to stand for 20 years after … Paris is also the home of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). [298] After the LGV Est opened in 2007, air traffic between Paris and Strasbourg declined from 1,006,327 passengers in 2006 to 157,207 passengers in 2014. Other major urban areas include Lyon, Marseille, Toulouse, Bordeaux, Lille and Nice. In 1929, the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes forest parks were officially annexed to the city, bringing its area to about 105 km2 (41 sq mi). Je compte donc sur les experts ès "lois du covid" de France Info pour m'éclairer : Mon enfant mineur doit attérrir le 28.12 à 23h de retour des fêtes de Noël passées avec son papa. The city hosted the Olympic Games in 1900, 1924 and will host the 2024 Summer Olympics. The Louvre received 9.6 million visitors in 2019, ranking it the most visited museum in the world. In 1982, Mayor Chirac introduced the motorcycle-mounted Motocrotte to remove dog faeces from Paris streets. Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science and arts. This is a world! On 15 December 2015, a list of candidates of the Union of the Right, a coalition of centrist and right-wing parties, led by Valérie Pécresse, narrowly won the regional election, defeating a coalition of Socialists and ecologists. [229] There are also notable private museums; The Contemporary Art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation, designed by architect Frank Gehry, opened in October 2014 in the Bois de Boulogne. [333] Radio France, France's public radio broadcaster, and its various channels, is headquartered in Paris' 16th arrondissement. The council is divided between a coalition of the left of 91 members, including the socialists, communists, greens, and extreme left; and 71 members for the centre-right, plus a few members from smaller parties. France is known for its stunning landmarks and attractions such as the Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe , Sacre Coeur Cathedral or the Loire castles. [27] The Roman town was originally called Lutetia (more fully, Lutetia Parisiorum, "Lutetia of the Parisii", modern French Lutèce). [165] It declined again in 2018. [118], Each of Paris' 20 arrondissements has its own town hall and a directly elected council (conseil d'arrondissement), which, in turn, elects an arrondissement mayor. [117] This ensures that the winning party or coalition always wins a majority of the seats, even if they don't win an absolute majority of the vote. [1] Since the 17th century, Paris has been one of Europe's major centres of finance, diplomacy, commerce, fashion, science and arts. Troubadours, from the south of France, were also popular. [287] Another top-level professional team, Nanterre 92, plays in Nanterre. France News. Paris, capital of France, is one of the most important and influential cities in the world.In terms of tourism, Paris is the second most visited city in Europe after London. A half dozen music halls exist today in Paris, attended mostly by visitors to the city.[235]. The river's mouth on the English Channel (La Manche) is about 233 mi (375 km) downstream from the city. None of the children came back. According to the same census, three departments bordering Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne, had population densities of over 10,000 people per square kilometre, ranking among the 10 most densely populated areas of the EU. [80], Most of the postwar's Presidents of the Fifth Republic wanted to leave their own monuments in Paris; President Georges Pompidou started the Centre Georges Pompidou (1977), Valéry Giscard d'Estaing began the Musée d'Orsay (1986); President François Mitterrand, in power for 14 years, built the Opéra Bastille (1985–1989), the new site of the Bibliothèque nationale de France (1996), the Arche de la Défense (1985–1989), and the Louvre Pyramid with its underground courtyard (1983–1989); Jacques Chirac (2006), the Musée du quai Branly. [101] Summer days are usually warm and pleasant with average temperatures between 15 and 25 °C (59 and 77 °F), and a fair amount of sunshine. [194] The Paris region's manufacturing decline is quickly being replaced by eco-industries: these employ about 100,000 workers. Vans of CRS agents are frequently seen in the centre of the city when there are demonstrations and public events. In the same survey, 7 percent of residents identified themselves as Muslims, 4 percent as Protestants, 2 percent as Jewish, and 25 percent as without religion. [33] The Palais de la Cité, the royal residence, was located at the western end of the Île de la Cité. The inventor Nicéphore Niépce produced the first permanent photograph on a polished pewter plate in Paris in 1825. General Charles de Gaulle led a huge and emotional crowd down the Champs Élysées towards Notre Dame de Paris, and made a rousing speech from the Hôtel de Ville. It is composed of 209 members representing the different communes within the region. Domestically, air travel between Paris and some of France's largest cities such as Lyon, Marseille, or Strasbourg has been in a large measure replaced by high-speed rail due to the opening of several high-speed TGV rail lines from the 1980s. The empire became the French Union; the national assembly was strengthened and the presidency weakened; and France joined NATO. [218], In 2019 Greater Paris had 2,056 hotels, including 94 five-star hotels, with a total of 121,646 rooms. The district of the Paris region was renamed "Île-de-France" in 1977, but this abbreviated "Paris region" name is still commonly used today to describe the Île-de-France, and as a vague reference to the entire Paris agglomeration. Almost all the books published in Paris in the Middle Ages were in Latin, rather than French. See the Notre Dame Cathedral, a Gothic Marvel. [150] Long-intended measures to unite Paris with its suburbs began on 1 January 2016, when the Métropole du Grand Paris came into existence. This means that Paris is 6 hours ahead of New York, 9 hours ahead of San Francisco and 9 hours behind Sydney. Contemporary architecture includes the Musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac by Jean Nouvel (2006), the contemporary art museum of the Louis Vuitton Foundation by Frank Gehry (2014)[144] and the new Tribunal de grande instance de Paris by Renzo Piano (2018). The highest recorded temperature is 42.6 °C (108.7 °F) on 25 July 2019,[107] and the lowest is −23.9 °C (−11.0 °F) on 10 December 1879. Several other much-visited landmarks are located in the suburbs of the city; the Basilica of St Denis, in Seine-Saint-Denis, is the birthplace of the Gothic style of architecture and the royal necropolis of French kings and queens. [88] On 11 January an estimated 1.5 million people marched in Paris in a show of solidarity against terrorism and in support of freedom of speech. [56] In 1860, Napoleon III also annexed the surrounding towns and created eight new arrondissements, expanding Paris to its current limits. Discover online now. in Paris (Paris) Contents: Commune. [239][verification needed], In the 20th century, the Paris literary community was dominated by figures such as Colette, André Gide, François Mauriac, André Malraux, Albert Camus, and, after World War II, by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre. Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, 2018, cited in the, Mastercard Global Destinations Index, retrieved July 1, 2020, Maneglier, Herve, "Paris Imperial", La vie quotidienne sous le Second Empire", (1990), pp. By 2020 its basic competencies will include urban planning, housing and protection of the environment. [130], France's highest courts are located in Paris. [108], For almost all of its long history, except for a few brief periods, Paris was governed directly by representatives of the king, emperor, or president of France. [243] By 1870, Paris had become an important centre for symphony, ballet and operatic music. [208] Unemployment was estimated at 8.2 percent in the City of Paris and 8.8 percent in the Île-de-France region in the first trimester of 2015. The anti-independence Organisation armée secrète (OAS), for their part, carried out a series of bombings in Paris throughout 1961 and 1962. Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,148,271 residents as of 2020, in an area of 105 square kilometres (41 square miles). There are 440 km (270 mi) of cycle paths and routes in Paris. The prestigious public universities are usually considered grands établissements. The Socialists had governed the region for seventeen years. In 2018, of the 27 Michelin three-star restaurants in France, ten are located in Paris. Several foreign-born composers, such as Frédéric Chopin (Poland), Franz Liszt (Hungary), Jacques Offenbach (Germany), Niccolò Paganini (Italy), and Igor Stravinsky (Russia), established themselves or made significant contributions both with their works and their influence in Paris. The restaurant Le Grand Véfour in the Palais-Royal dates from the same period. [124], The Region of Île de France, including Paris and its surrounding communities, is governed by the Regional Council, which has its headquarters in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. The hospitals receive more than 5.8 million annual patient visits.[326]. [21], Inhabitants are known in English as "Parisians" and in French as Parisiens ([paʁizjɛ̃] (listen)). Longer periods of more intense heat sometimes occur, such as the heat wave of 2003 when temperatures exceeded 30 °C (86 °F) for weeks, reached 40 °C (104 °F) on some days and rarely cooled down at night. Paris is the capital city of France. During the Hundred Years' War, Paris was occupied by England-friendly Burgundian forces from 1418, before being occupied outright by the English when Henry V of England entered the French capital in 1420;[39] in spite of a 1429 effort by Joan of Arc to liberate the city,[40] it would remain under English occupation until 1436. [207] Generally speaking, incomes are higher in the Western part of the city and in the western suburbs than in the northern and eastern parts of the urban area. Theatre traditionally has occupied a large place in Parisian culture, and many of its most popular actors today are also stars of French television. In 1911, the dance hall Olympia Paris invented the grand staircase as a settling for its shows, competing with its great rival, the Folies Bergère. These demonstrations, usually managed by a strong police presence, can turn confrontational and escalate into violence.[138]. A war against Communist insurgents in French Indochina, now Vietnam, was abandoned … Political violence is uncommon, though very large demonstrations may occur in Paris and other French cities simultaneously. Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre Dame inspired the renovation of its setting, the Notre-Dame de Paris. This served as France's top art school until 1793.[223]. [223] In the Baroque-era, noted composers included Jean-Baptiste Lully, Jean-Philippe Rameau, and François Couperin. Its capital is Paris, one of the most important cultural and commercial centers in the world. Paul Delouvrier promised to resolve the Paris-suburbs mésentente when he became head of the Paris region in 1961:[151] two of his most ambitious projects for the Region were the construction of five suburban "villes nouvelles" ("new cities")[152] and the RER commuter train network. In the city's wealthiest neighbourhood, the 7th arrondissement, 7 percent lived below the poverty line; 8 percent in the 6th arrondissement; and 9 percent in the 16th arrondissement. Île-de-France Mobilités (IDFM), formerly the Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France (STIF) and before that the Syndicat des transports parisiens (STP), oversees the transit network in the region. [225] Montmartre and Montparnasse became centres for artistic production. [113] The first modern elected mayor of Paris was Jacques Chirac, elected 20 March 1977, becoming the city's first mayor since 1793. [14], The centre of Paris contains the most visited monuments in the city, including the Notre Dame Cathedral (now closed for restoration) and the Louvre as well as the Sainte-Chapelle; Les Invalides, where the tomb of Napoleon is located, and the Eiffel Tower are located on the Left Bank south-west of the centre. [265][266], In addition to the classical restaurants, Paris has several other kinds of traditional eating places. [254] The presence of a large African and Caribbean community helped to its development, it gave a voice, a political and social status for many minorities. [59] Paris became the laboratory of Naturalism (Émile Zola) and Symbolism (Charles Baudelaire and Paul Verlaine), and of Impressionism in art (Courbet, Manet, Monet, Renoir). [194] Paris region manufacturing specialises in transportation, mainly automobiles, aircraft and trains, but this is in a sharp decline: Paris proper manufacturing jobs dropped by 64 percent between 1990 and 2010, and the Paris region lost 48 percent during the same period. UGC Ciné Cité Les Halles with 27 screens, MK2 Bibliothèque with 20 screens and UGC Ciné Cité Bercy with 18 screens are among the largest. With Paris's growth many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, the Holy Innocents' Cemetery, were filled to overflowing, creating quite unsanitary conditions for the capital. [291] Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located 69 kilometres (43 miles) north of Paris' city centre, is used by charter airlines and low-cost carriers such as Ryanair. Paris facts and information. Paris became a major centre for jazz and still attracts jazz musicians from all around the world to its clubs and cafés. To the north of the city, they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department. Another district, including Boulogne-Billancourt, Issy-les-Moulineaux and the southern part of the 15th arrondissement, is a centre of activity for the media and information technology.[189]. E-mail: consular.paris@dfat.gov.au. After many modifications, the new area, named the Metropolis of Grand Paris, with a population of 6.7 million, was created on 1 January 2016. For example, after the LGV Méditerranée opened in 2001, air traffic between Paris and Marseille declined from 2,976,793 passengers in 2000 to 1,502,196 passengers in 2014. The Parisian school of journalism CELSA department of the Paris-Sorbonne University is located in Neuilly-sur-Seine. Currency: The official currency in Paris and the rest of France is the Euro (see this Universal Currency Converter). [note 1][22], The Parisii, a sub-tribe of the Celtic Senones, inhabited the Paris area from around the middle of the 3rd century BC. Paris News.Net. The Pompidou Centre Musée National d'Art Moderne has the largest collection of modern and contemporary art in Europe. There are about 150 bookstores in the 5th arrondissement alone, plus another 250 book stalls along the Seine. Paris has an extensive road network with over 2,000 km (1,243 mi) of highways and motorways. One of the most notable hospitals is the Hôtel-Dieu, founded in 651, the oldest hospital in the city,[327] although the current building is the product of a reconstruction of 1877. [278] Paris is also home to several of France's most famous high-schools such as Lycée Louis-le-Grand, Lycée Henri-IV, Lycée Janson de Sailly and Lycée Condorcet. You can also find FALC materials (Easy To Read and Understand) on the official website of Public Health France. It was the birthplace of Fauvism, Cubism and abstract art,[62][63] and authors such as Marcel Proust were exploring new approaches to literature. Gare du Nord is the 24th busiest railway station in the world, but the first located outside Japan, with 262 million passengers in 2015. Its stars in the 1920s included the American singer and dancer Josephine Baker. Every July, the Tour de France bicycle race finishes on the Avenue des Champs-Élysées in Paris. [4] In 2011, its GDP ranked second among the regions of Europe and its per-capita GDP was the 4th highest in Europe. - [199] Outside Paris, the western Hauts-de-Seine department La Défense district specialising in finance, insurance and scientific research district, employs 144,600,[194] and the north-eastern Seine-Saint-Denis audiovisual sector has 200 media firms and 10 major film studios. [198], The majority of Paris' salaried employees fill 370,000 businesses services jobs, concentrated in the north-western 8th, 16th and 17th arrondissements. [314] The Jardin des plantes was the first botanical garden in Paris, created in 1626 by Louis XIII's doctor Guy de La Brosse for the cultivation of medicinal plants.[315]. Hotels in Paris France. [136] The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (CRS), a unit formed in 1944 right after the liberation of France. [86], On 7 January 2015, two French Muslim extremists attacked the Paris headquarters of Charlie Hebdo and killed thirteen people, in an attack claimed by Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula,[87] and on 9 January, a third terrorist, who claimed he was part of ISIL, killed four hostages during an attack at a Jewish grocery store at Porte de Vincennes. Known throughout the world as the "City of … [12] Its treasures include the Mona Lisa (La Joconde), the Venus de Milo statue, Liberty Leading the People. Each of its neighborhoods is explored as a country, from Montmartre the villager to the Latin Quarter and the cradle of the Ile de la Cité. The regional council has 121 members from the Union of the Right, 66 from the Union of the Left and 22 from the extreme right National Front. [275], The University of Paris, founded in the 12th century, is often called the Sorbonne after one of its original medieval colleges. The rivers Loire, Rhine, Rhone, Meuse, and Scheldt can be reached by canals connecting with the Seine, which include the Canal Saint-Martin, Canal Saint-Denis, and the Canal de l'Ourcq.[301]. Here’s where to find the main locations in the series and see Paris through Emily Cooper’s eyes! Bars and restaurants will remain closed in France until at least January 20th. Beginning with the Paris Exposition of 1867; it became a popular kind of restaurant which featured beer and other beverages served by young women in the national costume associated with the beverage, particular German costumes for beer. In addition to the Sorbonne location, there are branches in Malesherbes, Clignancourt-Championnet, Michelet-Institut d'Art et d'Archéologie, Serpente-Maison de la Recherche, and Institut des Etudes Ibériques. Most of this is due to companies relocating outside the Paris region. [77] The Tour Maine-Montparnasse, the tallest building in the city at 57 storeys and 210 metres (689 feet) high, was built between 1969 and 1973. [129], The two houses of the French Parliament are located on the Left Bank. [194] While the Paris economy is dominated by services, and employment in manufacturing sector has declined sharply, the region remains an important manufacturing centre, particularly for aeronautics, automobiles, and "eco" industries. [223] In the late 19th century, many artists in the French provinces and worldwide flocked to Paris to exhibit their works in the numerous salons and expositions and make a name for themselves. It was highly visible because of its large red imitation windmill on its roof, and became the birthplace of the dance known as the French Cancan. [28], By the end of the Western Roman Empire, the town was known as Parisius, a Latin name that would later become Paris in French. [190][191] While the Paris region's population accounted for 18.8 percent of metropolitan France in 2011,[192] the Paris region's GDP accounted for 30 percent of metropolitan France's GDP. Paris and its close suburbs is home to numerous newspapers, magazines and publications including Le Monde, Le Figaro, Libération, Le Nouvel Observateur, Le Canard enchaîné, La Croix, Pariscope, Le Parisien (in Saint-Ouen), Les Échos, Paris Match (Neuilly-sur-Seine), Réseaux & Télécoms, Reuters France, and L'Officiel des Spectacles. [162], Paris is the fourth largest municipality in the European Union, following Berlin, Madrid and Rome. Eurostat places Paris (6.5 million people) behind London (8 million) and ahead of Berlin (3.5 million), based on the 2012 populations of what Eurostat calls "urban audit core cities".[163]. As a result, Paris has acquired a reputation as the "City of Art". [195], In 2018, Paris was the most expensive city in the world with Singapore and Hong Kong. [153] Many other suburban residential districts (grands ensembles) were built between the 1960s and 1970s to provide a low-cost solution for a rapidly expanding population:[154] These districts were socially mixed at first,[155] but few residents actually owned their homes (the growing economy made these accessible to the middle classes only from the 1970s).